# Media formulas and exam presentation

Subject: Advertising and Public Relations

Exam: M2

Reader: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/apr/#m2/revision/revision-m2/numbers

Canonical: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/read/apr/m2/revision/revision-m2--numbers/

Definition → distinct points → one linked example

| Measure | Remember the base |
| --- | --- |
| Reach % | Unique reached ÷ target × 100 |
| Average frequency | Gross impressions ÷ unique reached |
| GRP | Reach percentage number × average frequency |
| CPM | Cost ÷ impressions × 1,000 |
| BDI | Brand-sales share ÷ population share × 100 |
| CDI | Category-sales share ÷ population share × 100 |
| User index | User share ÷ population share × 100 |

## How to write the answer

1. Given: copy all relevant numbers and units.
2. To find: name the requested measure.
3. Formula: write it before substituting and identify the denominator.
4. Solution: show the weighted products, sum and division on separate lines.
5. Final answer: include %, exposures, GRPs or ₹ per thousand as appropriate.
6. Interpretation: say what the result tells us; delivery is not proof of persuasion or sales.

Authored illustration: these numbers were chosen to explain a faculty-note concept. No matching supplied-data question was found in the 14 recovered APR papers. Standalone calculation drills are optional practice; their marks are author-set.

## Given

| Target | Reached | Impressions | Cost |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 20,000 | 8,000 | 24,000 | ₹12,000 |

## To find

Reach percentage, average frequency, gross rating points and cost per thousand impressions.

## Formula and why



$$
R_{\%}=\frac{n}{N}\times100
$$





$$
\bar f=\frac{I}{n}
$$





$$
\text{GRP}=R_{\%}\times\bar f
$$





$$
\text{CPM}=\frac{C}{I}\times1000
$$



Here N = 20,000 target people, n = 8,000 distinct people reached, I = 24,000 impressions and C = ₹12,000 cost. The bar above f means average frequency; R with the % label means reach as a percentage number. Use the same period and target for all four measures.

## Step-by-step solution

#### Step 1. Calculate reach



$$
\frac{8000}{20000}\times100=40\%
$$



#### Step 2. Calculate average frequency



$$
\frac{24000}{8000}=3
$$



#### Step 3. Calculate GRP



$$
40\times3=120
$$



#### Step 4. Calculate CPM



$$
\frac{12000}{24000}\times1000=500
$$



#### Step 5. Check units and consistency

8,000 people × 3 exposures = 24,000 impressions, matching the given total. CPM has rupees per thousand impressions; reach has percent; frequency has exposures per reached person.

**Final answer:** Reach 40%; average frequency 3; 120 GRPs; CPM ₹500.

#### Practical interpretation · What the answer means

The campaign reached fewer than half the target, with three average opportunities among those reached. Whether it succeeded depends on its objective, audience fit and message effect.

**Yaad rakho:** People = reach; repeats = frequency; total delivery = GRP; cost = CPM.