Disaster Management · M2 · revision
Principles, institutions and warnings
Last-day M2 revision
Short revision after the complete lessons
Definitions
| Term | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Risk | Potential loss arising from hazardous events interacting with exposed and vulnerable people/assets. | Possible damage to homes in a floodplain. |
| Vulnerability | Conditions that make people or assets susceptible to harm. | Weak housing or lack of accessible evacuation transport. |
| Hazard | A process or event with the potential to cause harm. | A cyclone or toxic gas release. |
| Preparedness | Knowledge, plans and resources enabling effective action. | A rehearsed evacuation plan and ready shelters. |
| Mitigation | Measures that lessen likely harm. | Retrofitting a vulnerable building. |
Do not mix these roles
| Term | Remember |
|---|---|
| NDMA | National authority: policy, plans, guidelines and coordination. |
| SDMA / DDMA | State and district planning, coordination and implementation arrangements. |
| NDRF | Specialised response force. |
| NIDM | Training, research and capacity building. |
| IMD / CWC / INCOIS | Technical information for weather/cyclones, floods and tsunamis respectively. |
General ethical principles
Solidarity, Joint responsibility, Non-discrimination, Humanity, Impartiality, Neutrality, Co-operation, Territorial sovereignty, Prevention, Role of media.
EWS
Know risk → monitor/forecast → communicate → act. The lecture groups these slightly differently and highlights continuous evaluation. An accurate forecast without accessible warning and action capacity is insufficient.
Yaad rakho: A = Authority, F = Force, I = Institute. Warning ka last step action hai.