Disaster Management · TEE · papers

Q5A · Describe in detail six stages of Disaster Management citing relevant examples.

2022-12-01 · Semester V/VII final

Actual older TEE paper · 100 marks · Q1 compulsory; any four of Q2–Q7

Q5A. Describe in detail six stages of Disaster Management citing relevant examples. [10 marks]

Answer

Definition. Disaster management is the organised process of preventing or reducing risk, preparing for emergencies, responding to impacts and supporting recovery.

Swipe across the diagram to read its labels ↔
The management cycle continues after recovery
Diagram: The management cycle continues after recovery. Labels: The management cycle continues after recovery | The management cycle continues after recovery | Risk reduction | Prevention and mitigation: avoid risk or | reduce losses. | Preparedness | Plans, warnings, training and resources to | act. | Response | Urgent protection, rescue and essential | assistance. | Recovery | Restore services and livelihoods; rebuild | safer. | Lessons improve the next cycle
The cycle repeats: lessons from recovery must improve prevention and preparedness.
StageMeaningOne clear example
PreventionAvoid a risk where possible.Keep a new school out of an active floodway.
MitigationReduce the severity of losses.Strengthen an existing school against shaking.
PreparednessBuild readiness to act.Prepare evacuation routes and conduct drills.
ResponseTake urgent life-saving action.Rescue trapped people and provide emergency shelter.
RecoveryRestore services and livelihoods.Restore water, power and access to education.
Rehabilitation / reconstructionRestore functioning and rebuild damaged systems more safely.Rebuild homes to appropriate safety standards.

Why some diagrams show four stages

The four-stage cycle uses mitigation → preparedness → response → recovery. Prevention is treated with risk reduction; rehabilitation and reconstruction are included in recovery. The six-stage version separates them for explanation. These activities overlap; response can begin before impact, for example by evacuating after a cyclone warning.

Build Back Better

Recovery should reduce future risk. Rebuilding the same weak house in the same floodway may restore yesterday’s vulnerability. Safer siting, stronger design, accessible services and restored livelihoods improve resilience.