# Q3B · “GIS is an effective tool for River Flood Disaster Management”. Explain the statement…

Subject: Disaster Management

Exam: TEE

Reader: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/dm/#tee/papers/paper-2025-05-12/q3b

Canonical: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/read/dm/tee/papers/paper-2025-05-12--q3b/

Actual older TEE paper · 100 marks · Q1 compulsory; any four of Q2–Q7

### Q3B. “GIS is an effective tool for River Flood Disaster Management”. Explain the statement in detail. Elaborate in brief how it can be adopted in four Phases of Disaster Relief. [10 marks]

#### Answer

For river flood management, GIS provides a common location-based picture for agencies. Data quality, access, update time and field verification determine its usefulness.

Swipe across the diagram to read its labels ↔

![GIS combines location-based layers for decisions](https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/dm/fig/gis.9072f68acf.svg)

Diagram: GIS combines location-based layers for decisions. Labels: GIS combines location-based layers for decisions | GIS combines location-based layers for decisions | Hazard layer | Flood extent / slope / drought | Exposure layer | People, homes, roads, hospitals | Resources layer | Shelters, teams, water supply | Decision supported | Which places face danger? Who needs | assistance? Which route is usable? Where | should resources go? | Check data dates, accuracy and field reports; a map is decision support.

Different layers answer different operational questions.

1. **Mitigation.** Overlay flood extent/depth, terrain and development to support floodplain zoning, storage planning and protection of critical facilities.
2. **Preparedness.** Map forecasts, vulnerable settlements, shelters and alternate evacuation routes; rehearse responses to road and bridge closures.
3. **Response.** Update inundation and accessibility maps, locate stranded people and allocate boats, supplies and medical teams using verified field reports.
4. **Recovery.** Map damage and losses, track restoration of roads and water supply, prioritise rebuilding and check that reconstructed assets are less exposed.

Remote sensing can update affected-area mapping, but weather, resolution, signal availability and processing time may limit observations. Protect sensitive household and health information when sharing maps.

#### Real programme and application · Satellite flood mapping

NRSC’s disaster-management support uses space-based information to assist decisions. A flood map can be combined with settlement and road layers to identify affected access routes. The imagery shows conditions at a particular observation time; responders must check its age and ground accuracy.

[Case reference ↗](https://www.nrsc.gov.in/nrscnew/Apps_DMS_overview.php?lang_code=en)