Q5A · Explain in detail the any 5 Mitigation Measures that can be adopted for Cyclones in c…

Answer

Swipe across the diagram to read its labels ↔

Diagram: Tropical cyclone: structure and hazards. Labels: Tropical cyclone: structure and hazards | Tropical cyclone: structure and hazards | Eye: relatively calm centre | Eyewall: strongest winds | Rainbands: heavy showers | Main hazards | Strong wind + storm surge + rainfall flooding | Schematic plan view; not a map or a forecast.

1. Warning and last-mile communication. Use official forecasts, clear action messages and several communication channels. A forecast must reach fishers, visitors and people without smartphones, with enough time and support to act.
2. Shelters and evacuation access. Provide accessible shelters outside surge and flood zones, linked by reliable routes. Practise transport, headcounts and support for people needing assistance so that shelter capacity becomes usable protection.
3. Resilient buildings and lifelines. Strengthen roof connections and protect power, water and communication systems to appropriate standards. Hospitals require backup services and protected equipment to keep functioning during response.
4. Risk-informed coastal land use. Use surge and flood maps to control exposed development and locate critical infrastructure safely. Protect mangroves and appropriate coastal vegetation as part of a wider protection system, not a guaranteed barrier against every surge.
5. Drainage and protective works. Maintain drains and outfalls and use engineered embankments, sea walls or detention where justified by local studies. Consider overtopping, erosion and downstream effects; combine works with warning and evacuation.