# Q1(b) · Swarm intelligence [2]

Subject: Intelligent Systems II

Exam: M2

Reader: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/is2/#m2/mocks/m2-paper-v2-2/q1b

Canonical: https://deep-learning-study-room.vercel.app/read/is2/m2/mocks/m2-paper-v2-2--q1b/

Q1(a)+Q1(b) compulsory; any two of Q2–Q4. Answers immediately below each question.

**Confirmed M2 pattern:** Q1(a) [2] and Q1(b) [2] are compulsory. Attempt any two of Q2, Q3 and Q4, each worth 3 marks. The paper offers 13 marks; you attempt 10. These are newly written practice questions, not claims about the exact upcoming paper. Solutions are directly below each question; the teaching working is deliberately longer than a concise exam answer.

**Q1(b). Define swarm intelligence. Briefly explain one nature-inspired algorithm.** [2 marks · Practice]

#### Answer

Swarm intelligence is collective problem-solving arising from interactions among simple agents. PSO is inspired by social movement in flocks. Each particle represents a candidate solution and has a position and velocity. It moves using its own best visited position and the swarm’s best position. Repeated objective evaluation guides the search.